eCosPro® Reference Manual
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# Setup

## Name

Setup -- Preparing the MX1ADS/A board for eCos Development

## Overview

In a typical development environment, the MX1ADS/A board boots from flash into the RedBoot ROM monitor. eCos applications are configured for RAM startup and then downloaded and run on the board via the debugger arm-elf-gdb. Preparing the board therefore usually involves programming a suitable RedBoot image into flash memory.

The following RedBoot configurations are supported:

Configuration | Description | Use | File
--- | --- | --- | ---
SRAM | RedBoot running from RAM, but loaded via the JTAG interface | redboot_SRAM.ecm | redboot_SRAM.bin
RAM | RedBoot running from RAM, usually loaded by another version of RedBoot | redboot_RAM.ecm | redboot_RAM.bin
ROM | RedBoot running from ROM | redboot_ROM.ecm | redboot_ROM.bin
ROMRAM | RedBoot running from RAM, but contained in the board's flash boot sector | redboot_ROMRAM.ecm | redboot_ROMRAM.bin

For serial communications, all versions run with 8 bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit at 38400 baud. RedBoot also supports ethernet communication and flash management.

## Initial Installation

Installing RedBoot is a matter of downloading a new binary image and overwriting the existing Boot monitor ROM image.

There are two possible mechanisms for doing this, both via the JTAG interface. The first uses the ability of some JTAG debuggers to write directly to FLASH. The second merely uses the JTAG debugger to load a version of RedBoot and to then use that to program the FLASH.

### Direct FLASH Programming

The following instructions describe how to install RedBoot by programming the FLASH directly from the JTAG debugger. At present this has only been tried using an Abatron BDI2000 debugger and these instruction apply to that device. However, it should be possible to adapt these instructions to any other device.

The BDI2000 configuration file needs to be set up to initialize the SDRAM and to tell it what type of FLASH device is present. The resulting config file is shown below:

    ; bdiGDB configuration for Motorola M9328MX1ADS board
    ; ---------------------------------------------------
    ;
    [INIT]
    ;Init SDRAM 16Mx16x2 IAM0 CS2 CL2
    ;
    WM32    0x00221000  0x92120200  ;Set Precharge Command
    WM32    0x08200000  0x00000000  ;Issue Precharge all Command
    WM32    0x00221000  0xa2120200  ;Set AutoRefresh Command
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000  ;Issue AutoRefresh Command
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000
    WM32    0x08000000  0x00000000
    WM32    0x00221000  0xb2120200  ;Set Mode Register
    WM32    0x08111800  0x00000000  ;Issue Mode Register Command, Burst Length = 8
    WM32    0x00221000  0x82124200  ;Set to Normal Mode
    ;

    [TARGET]
    CPUTYPE     ARM920T
    CLOCK       1                   ;JTAG clock (0=Adaptive, 1=8MHz, 2=4MHz, 3=2MHz)
    WAKEUP      3000                ;because of slow rising reset line
    RESET       HARD 1000           ;because of heavy capacitive load on reset line
    ENDIAN      LITTLE              ;memory model (LITTLE | BIG)
    BREAKMODE   HARD
    VECTOR      CATCH 0x1f          ;catch D_Abort, P_Abort, SWI, Undef and Reset

    [HOST]

    [FLASH]
    ; Program RedBoot with:
    ; Core#0> erase
    ; Core#0> prog 0x10000000 MX1 BIN
    WORKSPACE   0x08000000
    CHIPTYPE    AM29DX32
    CHIPSIZE    0x01000000
    BUSWIDTH    32
    ERASE       0x10000000
    ERASE       0x10004000
    ERASE       0x10008000
    ERASE       0x1000c000
    ERASE       0x10010000
    ERASE       0x10014000
    ERASE       0x10018000
    ERASE       0x1001c000
    ERASE       0x10020000

    [REGS]
    FILE	regMX1.def

The BDI2000 needs to be rebooted to cause it to reload this configuration file. Once this is done connect to the BDI2000 via its telnet port and issue a reset command:

    Core#0>reset
    - TARGET: processing reset request
    - TARGET: BDI asserts TRST and RESET
    - TARGET: BDI removes TRST
    - TARGET: Bypass check 0x000000001 => 0x00000001
    - TARGET: JTAG exists check passed
    - Core#0: ID code is 0x1092001D
    - TARGET: All ICEBreaker access checks passed
    - TARGET: BDI removes RESET
    - TARGET: BDI waits for RESET inactive
    - TARGET: resetting target passed
    - TARGET: processing target startup ....
    - TARGET: processing target startup passed
    Core#0>

Now ensure that the FLASH is erased. The following command uses the ERASE entries in the configuration file to erase the first 9 blocks in the FLASH.

    Core#0>erase
    Erasing flash at 0x10000000
    Erasing flash at 0x10004000
    Erasing flash at 0x10008000
    Erasing flash at 0x1000c000
    Erasing flash at 0x10010000
    Erasing flash at 0x10014000
    Erasing flash at 0x10018000
    Erasing flash at 0x1001c000
    Erasing flash at 0x10020000
    Erasing flash passed
    Core#0>

Copy `redboot_ROMRAM.bin` to the root directory of the same TFTP server used to fetch the configuration file and execute the following command:

    Core#0>prog 0x10000000 redboot_ROMRAM.bin bin
    Programming redboot_ROMRAM.bin , please wait ....
    Programming flash passed
    Core#0>

If this completes successfully then the FLASH has been programmed. You can start RedBoot by issuing the go command, or by detaching the BDI2000 and cycling the power switch of the board. You should see the RedBoot startup screen:

    +... waiting for BOOTP information
    Ethernet eth0: MAC address 0e:00:00:ea:18:f0
    IP: 10.0.0.207/255.255.255.0, Gateway: 10.0.0.3
    Default server: 10.0.0.1, DNS server IP: 10.0.0.1

    RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [ROMRAM]
    Non-certified release, version UNKNOWN - built 15:51:18, Jul 19 2004

    Platform: Motorola MX1ADS/A (ARM9)
    Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, eCosCentric Limited

    RAM: 0x00000000-0x02000000, [0x0002f778-0x01fdd000] available
    FLASH: 0x10000000 - 0x12000000, 256 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
    RedBoot>

### Download RedBoot

The following instructions describe how to install RedBoot via the JTAG interface by downloading a version of RedBoot to program the FLASH. This is a two stage process, you must first download a RAM-resident version of RedBoot and then use that to download the ROM image to be programmed into the flash memory. The following directions are necessarily somewhat general since the specifics depend on the exact JTAG device available, and the software used to drive it.

Connect the JTAG device to the JTAG connector on the MX1ADS/A board and check that the device is functioning correctly. Using 32 bit memory writes, initialize the static memory controller so that the SDRAM and flash are accessible. The following assignments should be made:

    *(long *)0x00221000 = 0x92120200;  // Set Precharge Command
    *(long *)0x08200000 = 0x00000000;  // Issue Precharge all Command
    *(long *)0x00221000 = 0xa2120200;  // Set AutoRefresh Command
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;  // Issue AutoRefresh Command
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;
    *(long *)0x08000000 = 0x00000000;
    *(long *)0x00221000 = 0xb2120200;  // Set Mode Register
    *(long *)0x08111800 = 0x00000000;  // Issue Mode Register Command, Burst Length = 8
    *(long *)0x00221000 = 0x82124200;  // Set to Normal Mode

Now load the SRAM redboot binary image from the file `redboot_SRAM.bin` into SDRAM at 0x08040000. Exactly how you do this depends on the JTAG driver software. Note that it may be easier to load the ELF or SREC files, if supported, since these contain the correct load addresses.

Connect the serial port of a host machine to UART 1 on the MX1ADS/A board and start a terminal emulator (for example HyperTerminal on Windows, minicom on Linux) set up to communicate at 38400 baud, 8 bits, one stop bit, no parity. Start RedBoot by executing from location 0x08040000, which should result in RedBoot starting up and emitting this message on the serial channel:

    +... waiting for BOOTP information
    Ethernet eth0: MAC address 0e:00:00:ea:18:f0
    IP: 10.0.0.207/255.255.255.0, Gateway: 10.0.0.3
    Default server: 10.0.0.1, DNS server IP: 10.0.0.1

    RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [SRAM]
    Non-certified release, version UNKNOWN - built 15:50:10, Jul 19 2004

    Platform: Motorola MX1ADS/A (ARM9)
    Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, eCosCentric Limited

    RAM: 0x08000000-0x0c000000, [0x08065ea0-0x0bfdd000] available
    FLASH: 0x10000000 - 0x12000000, 256 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
    RedBoot>

Now the ROM image can be downloaded using the following RedBoot command:

    RedBoot> load -r -b %{FREEMEMLO} -m ymodem

Use the terminal emulator's Ymodem support to send the file `redboot_ROMRAM.bin`. This should result in something like the following output:

    Raw file loaded 0x08066000-0x080b900d, assumed entry at 0x08066000
    xyzModem - CRC mode, 2659(SOH)/0(STX)/0(CAN) packets, 5 retries
    RedBoot>

Once the file has been uploaded, you can check that it has been transferred correctly using the cksum command. On the host (Linux or Cygwin) run the cksum program on the binary file:

    $ cksum redboot_ROMRAM.bin
    3848755608 118224 redboot_ROMRAM.bin

In RedBoot, run the cksum command on the data that has just been loaded:

    RedBoot> cksum -b %{FREEMEMLO} -l 118224
    POSIX cksum = 3848755608 118224 (0xe5675998 0x0001cdd0)

The second number in the output of the host cksum program is the file size, which should be used as the argument to the -l option in the RedBoot cksum command. The first numbers in each instance are the checksums, which should be equal.

If the program has downloaded successfully, then it can be programmed into the flash using the following commands:

    RedBoot> fis init
    About to initialize [format] FLASH image system - continue (y/n)?y
    *** Initialize FLASH Image System
    ... Erase from 0x11fe0000-0x12000000: .
    ... Program from 0x0bfe0000-0x0c000000 at 0x11fe0000: .
    RedBoot> fis create -b %{FREEMEMLO} RedBoot
    An image named 'RedBoot' exists - continue (y/n)?y
    ... Erase from 0x10000000-0x10020000: .
    ... Program from 0x08066000-0x08086000 at 0x10000000: .
    ... Erase from 0x11fe0000-0x12000000: .
    ... Program from 0x0bfe0000-0x0c000000 at 0x11fe0000: .
    RedBoot>

The MX1ADS/A board may now be disconnected from the JTAG device and reset by cycling the power. It should then display the startup screen for the ROMRAM version of RedBoot:

    +... waiting for BOOTP information
    Ethernet eth0: MAC address 0e:00:00:ea:18:f0
    IP: 10.0.0.207/255.255.255.0, Gateway: 10.0.0.3
    Default server: 10.0.0.1, DNS server IP: 10.0.0.1

    RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [ROMRAM]
    Non-certified release, version UNKNOWN - built 15:51:18, Jul 19 2004

    Platform: Motorola MX1ADS/A (ARM9)
    Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, eCosCentric Limited

    RAM: 0x00000000-0x02000000, [0x0002f778-0x01fdd000] available
    FLASH: 0x10000000 - 0x12000000, 256 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
    RedBoot>

## Rebuilding RedBoot

Should it prove necessary to rebuild a RedBoot binary, this is done most conveniently at the command line. The steps needed to rebuild the the ROMRAM version of RedBoot for the MX1ADS/A are:

    $ mkdir redboot_mx1ads_a_romram
    $ cd redboot_mx1ads_a_romram
    $ ecosconfig new mx1ads_a redboot
    $ ecosconfig import $ECOS_REPOSITORY/hal/arm/arm9/mx1ads_a/VERSION/misc/redboot_ROMRAM.ecm
    $ ecosconfig resolve
    $ ecosconfig tree
    $ make

To rebuild the SRAM version of RedBoot:

    $ mkdir redboot_mx1ads_a_sram
    $ cd redboot_mx1ads_a_sram
    $ ecosconfig new mx1ads_a redboot
    $ ecosconfig import $ECOS_REPOSITORY/hal/arm/arm9/mx1ads_a/VERSION/misc/redboot_SRAM.ecm
    $ ecosconfig resolve
    $ ecosconfig tree
    $ make

At the end of the build the `install/bin` subdirectory should contain the file `redboot.bin`. This is the case for both the above builds, take care not to mix the two files up, since programming the SRAM RedBoot into the ROM will render the board unbootable.

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