eCosPro® Reference Manual
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# The HAL Port

## Name

HAL Port -- Implementation Details

## Overview

This documentation explains how the eCos HAL specification has been mapped onto the EVBA7 Eval Board hardware, and should be read in conjunction with that specification. The EVBA7 Eval Board platform HAL package complements the ARM architectural HAL and the LPC2xxx variant HAL. It provides functionality which is specific to the target board.

## Startup

Following a hard or soft reset the HAL will initialize or reinitialize many of the on-chip peripherals. This includes the PINSEL functions and LED bank. There is an exception for RAM startup applications which depend on a ROM monitor for certain services.

For ROM startup, the HAL will perform additional initialization, programming the various internal registers including PLL (for the clocks), Memory Mapping control registers to map SRAM to 0x0, and Memory Acceleration Module (MAM). The details of the early hardware startup may be found in the header `cyg/hal/hal_platform_setup.h`.

## Linker Scripts and Memory Maps

The platform HAL package provides the memory layout information needed to generate the linker script. The key memory locations are as follows:

on-chip Flash

  This is located at address 0x0 of the memory space, although after hardware initialization, the start of internal SRAM is mapped over locations 0x0 to 0x40. This region ends at 0x20000. No flash driver is provided for the on-chip Flash. The MAM is enabled to accelerate memory reads from this area.

internal SRAM

  This is located at address 0x40000000 of the memory space, and is 16, 32 or 64k in size, depending on the chip fitted. The first 64 bytes are mapped to location 0x0000000. When this is the only RAM available, the virtual vector table starts at 0x40000050 and extends to 0x40000150. The remainder of SRAM is available for use by ROM based applications. For RAM startup applications, SRAM below 0x40001000 is reserved for the GDB stubrom and the remainder is available for the application.

  On boards fitted with the PA-EVBA7-144 adaptor and where the external SRAM is being used, only the first 64 bytes are used as described above. The remainder of internal SRAM is not used by eCos.

external SRAM

  This SRAM is only present if the EVBA7 is fitted with a PA-EVBA7-144 adaptor. It is located at address 0x81000000 of the memory space, and is 1MByte in size. When this memory is being used for applications the virtual vector table starts at 0x81000050 and extends to 0x81000150. The remainder is available for use by ROM based applications. For RAM startup applications, memory below 0x81010000 is reserved for RedBoot and the remainder is available for the application.

on-chip peripherals

  These are accessible at location 0xE0000000 onwards. Descriptions of the contents can be found in the LPC2000 User Manual.

## Other Issues

The LEDs may be accessed from C with the following function:

    #include <cyg/infra/hal_diag.h>
    extern void hal_diag_led(int leds);

Values from 0 to 16 will be displayed on the LED bank representing the binary value with 1 being on and 0 being off, and with P0.7 being the MSB, and P0.4 the LSB.

The LEDs are also used during platform initialization and only P0.4 should be illuminated if booting has been successful. Other LED indications represent the stage in the initialization process that failed.

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